|
In computing, a directory is a file system cataloging structure which contains references to other computer files, and possibly other directories. On many computers, directories are known as folders, catalogs ( catalog was used on the Apple II, the Commodore 128 and some other early home computers as a command for displaying disk contents; the filesystems used by these did not support hierarchal directories), or drawers to provide some relevancy to a workbench or the traditional office file cabinet.Files are organized by storing related files in the same directory. In a hierarchical filesystem (that is, one in which files and directories are organized in a manner that resembles a tree), a directory contained inside another directory is called a subdirectory. The terms parent and child are often used to describe the relationship between a subdirectory and the directory in which it is cataloged, the latter being the parent. The top-most directory in such a filesystem, which does not have a parent of its own, is called the root directory. ==Overview== Historically, and even on some modern embedded systems, the file systems either had no support for directories at all or only had a "flat" directory structure, meaning subdirectories were not supported; there were only a group of top-level directories each containing files. Most modern Unix-like systems, especially Linux, have a standard directory structure defined by the Filesystem Hierarchy Standard. In many operating systems, programs have an associated working directory in which they execute. Typically, file names accessed by the program are assumed to reside within this directory if the file names are not specified with an explicit directory name. Some operating systems restrict a user's access to only their home directory or project directory, thus isolating their activities from all other users. In early versions of Unix the root directory was the home directory of the root user, but modern Unix usually uses another directory such as /root for this purpose. In keeping with Unix philosophy, Unix systems treat directories as a type of file.〔() 〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Directory (computing)」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
|